Hadronic models for cosmic ray physics: the FLUKA code

The hadronic models for cosmic ray physics: the FLUKA code solutions

G. Battistoni, M.V. Garzelli, E. Gadioli, S. Muraro, P.R. Sala, A. Fassò, A. Ferrari, S. Roesler, F. Cerutti, J. Ranft, L.S. Pinsky, A. Empl, M. Pelliccioni and R. Villari INFN, Sezione di Milano and Università di Milano, Dip. di Fisica, via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano, Italy SLAC, Stanford, CA 94025, US CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Siegen University, Fachbereich 7 Physik, D-57068 Siegen...

Hadronic collisions: physics, models and event generators used for simulating the cosmic ray cascade at the highest energies

Cosmic Ray Muon Physics

We present a review of atmospheric and underground muon flux measurements. The relevance of these data for the atmospheric neutrino flux computation is emphasized. Possible sources of systematic errors in the measurements are discussed, focusing on the sea level muon data. Underground muon data are also reported.

Hadronic Interactions at Cosmic Ray Energies

General physics of very high energy hadronic interactions is discussed. Special attention is payed to the contribution of semihard processes to the interaction dynamics and to the role of parton shadowing and parton density saturation. In particular, the implementation of non-linear interaction effects in the QGSJET-II model is discussed in detail. The predictions of the model are compared to s...

Hadronic Interactions for High Energy Cosmic Ray Air Showers

Understanding hadronic interactions at high energies represents a very important ingredient for modeling high energy cosmic ray air showers. In this paper, we present a new approach to simulate hadronic interactions, including hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus scattering, in the energy range roughly between 10 11 and 10 17 eV. Such collisions are very complex, being composed of...